What are the manufacturing industries?

The concept of manufacturing industries

The concept of the manufacturing industry (in English: Manufacturing) refers to the process of processing raw materials in order to convert them into finished goods, by using machines, labor, and chemical treatment processes. The manufacturing industry is one of the main types of industry, where manufacturing operations begin By designing the product, then selecting the raw materials required for manufacturing, after which various processing processes are applied with the aim of providing the final product, after which the product can be sold directly to the consumer, or to wholesalers to distribute it to retailers, or to provide it to other manufacturers for It is used in the production of more complex products.

Types of manufacturing industries

Production in the manufacturing industry is divided into 3 main types, and the following is an explanation for each of them:

Storage production

(in English: Make To Stock); It is considered a traditional strategy, as it relies on previous sales in order to predict consumer demand, and to plan future production based on that data. The disadvantages of this strategy are the use of previous data in order to predict future orders, and this means the possibility of canceling orders, and thus results in the survival of a large unconsumed stock. Or the existence of a shortage of production at the manufacturing companies.

Customized production

(in English: Make To Order); This strategy enables individuals to order products according to their own standards and specifications, as the manufacturing process begins when the order is received, which means that the customer waits for a long time until the product is completed, but adopting this type of production reduces the risk of excess inventory.

assembly production

( in English: Make to Assemble); This strategy relies on demand expectations in order to store the basic components of the product, as the process of assembling the final product begins after receiving the order. The manufacturer owns the basic components, but if requests are not received from individuals, this leaves a stock of unwanted materials.

manufacturing sectors

There are many sectors of the manufacturing industries of different types, the most prominent of which are the following:

• Food and drinks.
• Fabrics, leather, and clothing.
• Furniture.
• Wood and paper.
• Oil, coal, chemicals, plastics, and rubber.
• Non-metallic minerals, base metals, and manufactured minerals.
• Computer, electronics, equipment, and electrical appliances.
• Heavy machinery.
• transportation including; Ships, planes, and cars.
• Steel industry, tools, and moulds.

The importance of the manufacturing industry

The importance of manufacturing industries lies in many aspects, the most important of which are:

• Providing and presenting goods to the market.
• Forming an aspect of industrial import, as well as advancing the economic process in the country; as the manufacturing process adds value to materials, as manufacturing allows companies to sell finished products at a price higher than the value of the raw materials used in their manufacture, as determined by the Council of Companies , in addition to being well examined by economists.
• Representing commercial ventures in which manufacturers need to cover costs, fulfill orders, and create a final product to supply to the market.

manpower in the manufacturing industries

The size and type of manpower required in the manufacturing sectors varies; And this depends on the type of product, as handmade products can be manufactured using basic tools and relying largely on traditional methods, and this includes: the production of textiles, leather goods, and decorative utensils.

Machines are used to produce materials on a large industrial scale associated with mass production, by using assembly line operations and advanced technologies as prerequisites, as efficient manufacturing techniques enable manufacturers to take advantage of the abundance of mass production and produce more materials at a lower cost.

History of manufacturing industries

The history of the manufacturing industries goes back several centuries, where the ideal factory in the past was limited to the presence of a skilled craftsman and a group of auxiliary workers, and each craftsman kept the secrets of production and transferred his experience to the trainees only, but the occurrence of the industrial revolution constituted a pivotal point in the history of the manufacturing industries, as the revolution led To the use of new technologies such as steam engines, which contributed to the introduction of machines in the production process, which led to an increase in the amount of goods produced.

Factories began with mass production of commodities at the beginning of the twentieth century, and industrialization at the present time constitutes an essential element for the growth and prosperity of the economy, as technological developments allow the introduction of machines into production along with improving efficiency and increasing productivity in general, and it is indicated that the trend in industrialization will continue. In the future as long as humans need food, clothing, and transportation.

The history of manufacturing industries goes back several centuries, as industries were limited to the use of manpower only and simple tools without the presence of machines or techniques that speed up the manufacturing process, and with the development of industry and the emergence of the industrial revolution, steam engines appeared that contributed to the introduction of machines in the production process, which led to Increasing the quantity of produced commodities, and the industry developed until it introduced new technologies that contributed to its advancement, and led to improving production and increasing the quality of manufactured materials.

Technological techniques in manufacturing

Technological techniques are often used in manufacturing to control all processes, and the following are the most preferred technologies in manufacturing processes:

• Additive Manufacturing:  (in English: Additive Fabrication); Additive manufacturing is the process of joining two materials together, where rapid prototyping is produced that combines physical components using computer-aided design data, and this is the most common technique, while other techniques are used, such as: laser sintering and 3D printing.
• Software:  (in English: Software); This technology includes the use of business automation and inventory management tools to help plan required materials, inventory control, and accounting operations. This method also includes the process of automating quotations for premium customers, and managing purchases by wholesalers. It is noteworthy that sophisticated manufacturers use A distinguished program capable of financial management and warehouse management with high accuracy.
• Automated systems:  (in English: Automated Systems); Automated systems use artificial intelligence, as manufacturers rely on it in order to make correct and wise decisions about improving manufacturing goals, and this technology is a good step in order to produce goods of good quality, and it also ensures the acceleration of manufacturing processes.

The difference between manufacturing and extractive industries

The manufacturing industry is a method of processing raw materials using various processing mechanisms, machines, and manpower to produce finished goods that can be used directly after reaching the final product and selling it to the consumer, as we mentioned earlier, Extractive industries differ from manufacturing in that the extractive industries depend on the principle of extracting raw materials and wealth natural; such as oil, gold, copper, and other minerals from the ground through drilling, pumping and mining operations, and the extractive industries are divided into the mining, oil and gas sectors.

The extractive industries are among the most reliable industries in the Arab world. Due to the availability of oil and many other natural resources in its lands, the most prominent problems facing industry in the Arab world are the lack of financing and investments in this type of industry, in addition to the lack of interest in developing the industrial sector.

The difference between manufacturing and extractive industries is that manufacturing industries depend on the process of converting raw materials into a ready-to-use manufactured product, while extractive industries depend on extracting raw materials and natural resources from the ground using several processes; Such as drilling, pumping, mining, etc., and then refining these products for use in various industries.